Untangling the Relationship Between Race and Intelligence

A psychosocial phenomenon known as ‘race’ has the power to bind a group of people together and determine how they are expected to behave (Kendig, 2011). Our behaviour is determined by another phenomenon known as ‘intelligence’ (Colom, Karama, Jung, Haier, 2010). Since these are both such fundamental aspects of how our society functions, it is crucial for psychologists to understand how these factors interact. However, despite many circulating theories, psychologists have yet to agree upon the extent to which these phenomena affect each other. In this essay, I will explore the reasons for division and ambiguity in the scientific community regarding the definitions and explanations of race and intelligence, and assess whether it is prudent†¦show more content†¦Some racial groups value hunting knowledge because they are required to hunt for their food for survival, and some increase their chances of survival if they have the academic intelligence to s ucceed in a paid job. Considering this, standardised IQ tests fail to create statistically comparable results due to the fact that each race places different loadings of importance on different abilities (Sternberg, Grigorenko, Kidd, 2005). It would be unreasonable to expect an Amazonian tribe member to understand a question such as â€Å"which design best completes the sequence?† for example, because this may not be the language or type of question they are accustomed to (Reynolds Suzuki, 2012). Yet failure to understand such questions might affect their score and imply they are unintelligent according to a standardised IQ test. This is known as a ‘test bias’, because the issue lies within the construction of the measuring tool rather than a lack of intellect (Sternberg, 1980). As this example highlights, it is necessary to acknowledge racial differences in scientific endeavours in order to achieve total congruency, due to the diversity of cultural values. Ass essing group differences between races is a controversial area of psychology, because it requires the division and ranking of humans by socially constructed groups. Although clear discrepancies between the groups do exist, causal factors have yet to be determined (Mendez Spriggs, 2008). As humansShow MoreRelatedUntangling the Relationship Between Race and Intelligence1543 Words   |  7 Pagesdebate concerning the nature of the relationship between race and intelligence has been highly contested by psychologists for many years. With the emergence of genetic research in recent times, some clarity has been provided, however, many unanswered questions still remain. This essay discusses the implications of IQ test scores and the potentially misleading information they generate when administered to non-Western individuals. Although it is argued that race is a dynamic social construct and thereforeRead MoreThe Effects of Socio-Economic Status on Students Achievements in Biology13494 Wor ds   |  54 Pagesuniversal basic education (UBE),and devaluation of the Naira. These measures have not improved the socio-economic status and educational status of families in the country. They have rather increase their sufferings and widen the socio economic gap between families. Johnson (1996) lamented that parents becomes poor due to these hard measures, such that they can no longer provide adequately for good education of their children. Also, they could not provide shelter, clothing and special need of theirRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesgraduated from Iowa State University with a major in mathematics and, while acquiring graduate degrees at the University of Iowa, concentrated on statistics, computer programming, psychometrics, and test development. Currently, he divides his duties between teaching and evaluation; in addition to teaching, he is the assessment facilitator for the Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Community Schools. In his spare time he enjoys reading and hiking. He and his wife have a daughter, Anna, who is a graduate student in CivilRead MoreInvestment and Economic Moats46074 Words   |  185 Pagesamong horses seems relatively level. I may be on thin ice here, having never actually been to a horse race, but I think it’s fair to say that mules and Shetland ponies don’t race against thoroughbreds. c02.indd 15 1/26/08 3:06:29 AM [16] T H E L I T T L E B O O K T H AT B U I L D S W E A LT H The business world is different. In the stock market, mules and Shetland ponies do race against thoroughbreds, and the best jockey in the world can’t do much if his mount is only weeks from

Modern English Macbeth - 21221 Words

Modern English Macbeth www.nosweatshakespeare.com Modern English Shakespeare resources ebooks Contents About the Author Page 3 Act One Scene One Act One Scene Two Act One Scene Three Act One Scene Four Act One Scene Five Act One Scene Six Act One Scene Seven Page 5 Page 6 Page 8 Page 12 Page 14 Page 16 Page 17 Act Two Scene One Act Two Scene Two Act Two Scene Three Act Two Scene Four Page 19 Page 21 Page 23 Page 26 Act Three Scene One Act Three Scene Two Act Three Scene Three Act Three Scene Four Act Three Scene Five Act Three Scene Six Page 28 Page 31 Page 33 Page 34 Page 39 Page 40 Act Four Scene One Act Four Scene Two Act Four Scene Three Page 41 Page 46 Page 49†¦show more content†¦It was clear that he had something important to tell the King. ‘What bloody man is this?’ said Duncan. ‘I can see he s just come from the battlefield so he ll be able to give us the latest news.’ ‘Ah!’ exclaimed Malcolm. ‘This is the sergeant who struggled so valiantly to save me from captivity. Hello, brave friend. Tell the King how things stand.’ The man winced. His breathing was laboured but his eyes shone. ‘It was on a knife-edge,’ he said. ‘The armies were like two spent swimmers clinging together to prevent themselves from drowning. Then the merciless Macdonwald -’ the sergeant spat with disgust - ‘that most vile of men! - brought in some reinforcements from the western isles. After that fortune began smiling on him.’ Duncan and his sons exchanged glances. Lennox, a close ally of the King, was there too. Their faces expressed the seriousness of the situation. ‘But it was all in vain,’ continued the sergeant. He tried a smile and winced again. ‘Because brave Macbeth - how well he deserves that name! - disregarding his own safety, brandishing his sword, which smoked with hot blood, carved his way through the troops until he faced the cursed rebel. He didn t stop - no handshakes or farewells - until he had unseamed him from the navel to the jaw and fixed his head on our battlements.’ ‘Oh!’ exclaimed Duncan. ‘Valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman!’ ‘But it wasn t over yet,’ said the sergeant. ‘Can you believe this, King of Scotland?Show MoreRelatedCanterbury Tales Character Analysis997 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wife references her sexual organs in the three prominent languages of her time; she uses the English term â€Å"queynte,† the French term â€Å"bele chose† and the Latin term â€Å"quoniam† (Morrison). The three languages represent the structure of the patriarchal society existing in England; Latin is the language of the church and government, French is the language of the nobility, law, and commerce, and English is the language of the common people (Morrison). The Wife’s knowledge of the three languages grantsRead MoreShakespeare Writes About Issues That Are Still Relevant Today1303 Words   |  6 Pagesa reliance on superstition and gender tell us that the play Macbeth explored themes that are still seen in today’s society. The updated and remade film versions of Macbeth (also known as The Tragedy of Macbeth) and Macbeth (BBC’s Shakespeare’s Re told Series) tell us that people still enjoy watching the issues in Macbeth. And the various schools of thought Psychoanalytical, Feminist, and Marxism tell us that people still care about Macbeth as they argue about the issues. Shakespeare writes aboutRead MoreAmbition and Death - the Story of the Renaissance in Macbeth1189 Words   |  5 PagesRenaissance in Macbeth In the tragic drama Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare in 1606 during the English Renaissance, the hero, Macbeth, constantly declines in his level of morality until his death at the end of the play. Because of his change of character from good to evil, Macbeth s attitude towards other characters, specifically Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches, is significantly affected. In a larger sense, the theme of bad versus good kingship, embodied by Macbeth and DuncanRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s We Didn t Start The Fire 1378 Words   |  6 Pages Patrick Baker Mrs. Conn Honors English II 24 November 2015 Shakespeare’s thoughts on Modern Culture To aide in this paper, I have chosen the song â€Å"We didn’t start the Fire,† by Billy Joel to help provide modern events that William Shakespeare’s works can relate to. Shakespeare’s plethora of works provide information about his thoughts on society during his life. Many events and topics that are seen in modern culture are relatable to events that occurred during Shakespeare’s life, such asRead MoreMen of Respect V.S Macbeth Essay738 Words   |  3 PagesShakespeares great play Macbeth was re-created into a modern day version titled Men of Respect. Was the plays textual fidelity lost in transition during the making of the film, or did the film show total loyalty and devotion to the text and the feelings of the play? A closer examination of the characters/lines, classification between good and evil, and the use of light and dark will compare the many differences and similarities between William Shakespeares Macbeth and William Reillys MenRe ad MoreShort Speech On Macbeth1048 Words   |  5 Pagesof things to what they appear to be. Good morning/afternoon staff, parents and members of the PC Committee, my name is john cena and I am here today to outline the vitality of Shakespearian studies within the English curriculum. Shakespeare’s plays manage to adapt and fit well into modern literature, as it mirrors the natures of humanity. Due to this, students are exposed to a myriad of literature techniques that allows them to encapsulate the quintessence of human behaviour and gain an insightRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth As A Tragic Hero985 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Macbeth (published 1623), a masterpiece, because of the number of issues it deals with in society both in Shakespeare’s time and modern society. He is regarded as the greatest English playwright of all time and has written many magnificent plays over the course of his lifetime. Shakespeare’s plays are still significant today as they cover many issues that we continue to face, such as racism (Shylock in Merchant of Venice), love (Romeo and Juliet), and the mysterious supernaturalRead MoreEssay on James I influence in Shakespeares Writing1519 Words   |  7 Pageshim. During Early Modern England, plays were written for the parliament and the Royal Family. James I built a theater called Banqueting House were drama in particular flourished at this court (History of the Monarchy 4), where Macbeth was performed in 1606. In Queen Elizabeth I reign, Shakespeare wrote A Midsummer Nights Dream highlighting the happy, confident and optimistic mood of Elizabethans (BBC-Higher Bitesize English -Background: Revision 1). The tragedy of Macbeth, â€Å"darker and more cynical†Read MoreMacbeth: Fact vs. Fiction958 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth: Fact vs. Fiction Simply the name itself has become famous throughout literary history; Macbeth. This tragedy of five acts worth, written by William Shakespeare was first performed in 1606. From then on, speculations and questions arose. Who was this astounding character that surprised people with his pride and ambition? Many may have been surprised to find out how very little resemblance the play character bore t o the actual historical figure. The real Mac Bethad mac Findlà ¡ich, or MacbethRead MoreThe Witches Evil Influence in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay1537 Words   |  7 Pagesfirmly in English popular tradition. Act 1 scene 1 opens with the entrance of the witches; accompanied by thunder and lightning. The setting is an open place. It is clear that the witches control the elements and must therefore be very powerful ‘ When shall we three meet again in thunder, lightning or in rain’ the witches speak in rhyming lines with four stressed beats. The rhyme of ‘again’ and ‘rain’ and ‘done’, ‘won’ and ‘sun’ as well as the half rhyme in ‘heath’ and ‘Macbeth’ and the alliteration

Are Airplanes Safe Essay Example For Students

Are Airplanes Safe Essay TWA Flight 800, EgyptAir Flight 990, and Alaska Air Flight 461 and countless other flight numbers from the past decade all have one major thing in common with each other. All three are commercial airline flights that have gone down with no survivors, and all of these flights have happened in the past five years. All three of these mentioned accidents got extensive publicity in the few weeks after they occurred, the reason for this was because of the great number of people that were killed on each flight. On TWA Flight 800, all 212 passengers were killed. On EgyptAir Flight 990, all 167 people lost their lives; and all 88 passengers aboard Alaska Air Flight 461 were killed on its final flight. Some of the causes for these, and countless other accidents, range from fuel tank explosions all the way to possible pilot suicide, and many crashes still have unknown causes. Despite the widespread publicity of many plane crashes lately, planes are still one of the safest, if not the safest, me thods of transportation. The fear of flying has risen dramatically in the past few years. This is mainly due to the worldwide publicity of plane crashes in the media. The millions of people that see the devastation that tears families apart and shatters millions of relationships on television don’t want it to happen to them. What the media doesn’t show the world is the pain and suffering that is brought to thousands of families who have lost loved ones in automobile accidents. This causes many Americans to drive to their destinations rather than fly, but is driving really a safer way to travel than flying? Extensive research over the past several years has shown that flying is in fact the safest method of transportation. It beat out the three other major forms of transportation in the United States, which are: planes, cars, buses, and trains. In a 1997 Newsweek magazine study testing deaths per 100 million miles for different forms of transportation, it was proven that planes have the lowest de ath rate per 100 million miles of traveling. Cars have .94 deaths per 100 million miles traveled, while trains have .04 deaths and planes and buses each came out the same with .01 deaths per 100 million miles traveled. Of course, you can’t use those statistics alone to determine which method is the safest method of transportation. When you look at the statistics, you see that there are hundreds of automobile accidents daily across the United States, but only a small percent of these crashes involve fatalities. On the other hand, there are very few aircraft crashes in the United States per year, but when there is a crash, there is usually a fairly large loss of life involved. This is the main reason why nearly every large plane that crashes anywhere makes the front page headline in nearly every newspaper across the world. Then there are automobile accidents. Automobile accidents rarely make anything but local news. The inequality of the news coverage for these two things gives many people a false impression that automobiles are actually safer than planes, even though statistics say that planes are actually the safer of the two. The fear of crashing is not the only reason why many people choose not to fly, however. There are several reasons why many people would rather drive than fly. Some of these reasons include: flight delays, lost luggage, overcrowded flights, bad food, stale air, uncomfortable seats, and bad customer service. In fact, during the first half of the year in 1999, the Department of Transportation received over 16,000 complaints from passengers. This was over double the amount of complaints for the same part of the year in 1998. Even though some of these were viable complaints, some people don’t think driving the extra hours in an automobile is worth it. One of the most frequently asked questions after a plane crashes is, â€Å"Why?† There are several reasons why airplanes crash. The leading cause of plane crashes is error by the flight crew. This has been the cause of 70% of all airplane crashes since the industry began in 1959. Some other causes of accidents include: mechanic al failure causing 11 percent, maintenance was accountable for 7 percent, Air Traffic Control was responsible for 5 percent, weather caused 4 percent, and other problems made up the remaining 4 percent. Professional crash investigators can determine the cause of most airplane crashes by using information from flight recorders, which are also known as Black Boxes. These Black Boxes are located in the tail end of planes and they aren’t really black. The boxes are actually colored bright orange so investigators at a crash site can easily find them. The boxes record crucial flight data and also record voices from within the cockpit of the airplane. If these boxes are recovered from the crash site in good condition, investigators can use the information found within to help them determine what brought the plane down. .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c , .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .postImageUrl , .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c , .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c:hover , .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c:visited , .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c:active { border:0!important; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c:active , .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8ce0a73253142e56def545c3df661b5c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Lady Macbeth's Ambition Leads to Her Destruction in Shakespeare's Macbeth EssayThe Air Traffic Control system, also known as the ATC, was developed to keep planes from colliding in midair during flight and to prevent as many accidents from happening as possible. There hasn’t been a midair collision between two planes that was caused by an error with the Air Traffic Control since 1990. However, in 1995 alone there were at least 21 other major failures by the ATC and their equipment, which is now nearing 20 years old. These failures were held responsible for countless hours of delays and ended up costing the airlines nearly three billion dollars. Now those older syste ms that the Air Traffic Control has been using for many years are being replaced by new state of the art computer systems, which should be a great help in cutting down on delays and accidents in the future. Even though airplane safety has been questioned as of lately, planes are still one of the safest means of transportation, if not the safest. Planes have been proven to have the lowest accident rate per 100,000 rides of all transportation. Planes also have the lowest death rate per 100 million miles of al forms of transportation. It is true that you are more likely to survive an automobile accident than an airplane crash, but it is also true that you are more likely to be in an automobile accident that in a plane crash. In my opinion, and the opinion of many other people, planes are by far the best all around way to travel. They are faster than any other transportation, and I see them as being the safest form of transportation also. Everyone can think what he or she wants to think, but the media has given the airline industry a bad reputation. More people die on highways each year than on all other forms of transportation combined, this fact should alone should be enough evidence to c onvince people that airplanes really are the quickest, easiest, and safest way to travel. Bibliography:N/A

Markides Article Summary free essay sample

These building blocks include parameters, strategic ideas, what to do what not to do, flexibility, a proper environment, and constant improvement. Lets define these building blocks one by one. By parameters, Marked tells us that a company must decide on are who will be its targeted customers and who it will not target; what products or services it will offer its chosen customers and what it will not offer them; and how it will go about achieving all this-?what activities it will perform and what activities it will not perform. The deflation of strategic ideas is the same as parameters (on who to target, what to sell and how to do It) but one difference. That difference Is where these Ideas are coming from. Marmalades argues that these Ideas can come from anybody, anywhere, anytime, even because somebody had a gut feeling. These Ideas can also come from trial and error and from market changes. We will write a custom essay sample on Markides Article Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These market changes are basically feedback from the market which then leads an organization to modify or change its strategic ideas. It is crucial for a company to know its roles/duties or what it is supposed to do and f course what it is NOT supposed to do.If this is not clearly stated then there will be confusion. For example the CEO proclaims our strategy is crystal clear: we will do BBC and at the same time the employees of the organization see the firm doing EX. as well as BBC. What are our duties, goals, and how do we procure them? These actions have to be clearly defined and Is the responsibility of the top management. When a frog Is put In a pot of boiling water, It Jumps out; when Instead, the same from Is put In a pot of cold water and the water Is slowly brought to a boll, the frog days in the pot and boils to death. The reference that Marked makes to this saying is that in the same manner, if a company does not react to the constant changes taking place in its environment, it will find itself boiled to death. In other words you must be flexible in order to survive; you must keep up with the changes in your environment. A firm must be able to identify these changes early enough, must be ready to respond to these changes and must have the skills needed to compete in this new environment.Speaking of environment, the proper implement of a strategy needs to be in a certain type of environment, and environment that Is hospitable and promotes the chosen strategy. This environment Is composed of four elements which Include: an organizations culture, Its Incentives, Its structure, and Its people. Marmalades argues that no strategy remains unique forever because of the changing times, because of mimicking by competition, and because of customer needs constantly improve its strategic positioning (who-what-how combinations).It needs to constantly modify itself to whatever new changes may occur, whether its new technological advances, new markets, new laws, and etc. In response to Marked research I would like to say that I agree with him. Strategy is not Just a simple definition. Its a whole lot of detailed planning that has many structures within it. Strategy has to be broken down into its building blocks and further analyzed to see how these building blocks add up and create the big picture, how they add up and create strategy.

The Nature of Equality as it Relates to the New Internet Culture essays

The Nature of Equality as it Relates to the New Internet Culture essays Human equality in the context of social and political institutions in human society is characterized to be more conservative and rigid when compared in the context of Internet culture and society. This claim is an illustration of how Internet as a new communication medium becomes an influential and pervasive tool wherein globalization is developed not only in Internet communities, but in human societies as well. The concept of globalization in the Internet culture is an adaptation of Marshall McLuhan's famous "global village," a concept he formed when he observed that the development of new media innovations such as the television, radio, telephone, and computers show an increase in the proliferation of information and interaction among people in various However, a more recent version of McLuhan's "global village" concept is the emergence of two important movements in the Internet culture: the emergence of both the globalization and localization processes among various people in the world, specifically the Internet users. In globalization, people from all over the globe become acquainted with the cultures of different societies, while localization gave way to the emergence of local cultures to become known not only to outsiders of that society, but to members of that society as well. These two movements show how Internet culture educates people about the cultures and kind of societies existing and available all over the world. How do globalization and localization of societies and cultures contribute to the development of equality in human society via the Internet culture' These concepts show how the Internet further intensifies equality by breaking the barriers that demarcate those peoples that have different nationalities and cultures. Becoming aware of other cultures and societies help people becomes understanding and more receptive to ...

Thermodynamics essays

Thermodynamics essays The Second Law of Thermodynamics has several variations. One version says that some heat is always wasted when converting heat into mechanical energy. In other words all heat can not be completely converted into mechanical energy. Another states that heat normally flows from high to low temperatures. So why do hot cups cool off, well the answer lies in the fact that the universe is expanding. Say the universe started off infinitely small and infinitely dense, then expanded at an exponential rate as fluctuations in density increased, eventually forming galaxies. This explanation of the universe would explain the existence of the thermodynamic arrow of time. Because the universe is expanding, disorder is increasing. It cant be stopped. No one and nothing is powerful enough to break the laws of thermodynamics. Albert Einstein once said, Thermodynamics is the only physical theory of general nature of which I am convinced that it will never be overthrown. If you want to know whats going on in the physical world, you simply To understand the forward flow of time, suppose that God decided that the universe should finish in a state of high order but that it didnt matter what state it started in. This would mean that disorder would increase with time. One could observe a broken bottle gathering itself together on the floor and jumping back up onto the table. Such beings would have a psychological arrow of time that is backward. This means that I could take a warm Pepsi, set it on the counter and the colder particles in the room would become closer together and surround the bottle thus cooling the Pepsi. This makes the second law of thermodynamics questionable. Disorder increases with time because we measure time in the direction in which disorder increases. Why dont we see broken things gathering themselves ...

Consumer Decision Making Process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer Decision Making Process - Assignment Example From this paper it is clear that  considering the case of Williams, it seems that personal and psychological characteristics influence his buying behavior more than cultural and social factors. According to Tehran and Tehran, personal characteristics including occupation, age, education, and sex can have great influence on consumer behavior. Evidently, occupation of an individual is directly linked to the price and brand of the product they purchase. To illustrate, a part-time worker in a retail store is not likely to purchase Rado watches. In this case, Williams is a professional self-employed person who needs to travel across the globe to meet his business clients.  This study outlines that  age and sex of the individual would affect the consumer behavior. For instance, when a teenager is interested to buy Cargo Jeans, an elder adult is less likely to do so. Similarly, young males may be more excited to own 800cc cruiser motorcycles while young females in the same age may not do so. Surveys indicate that young men are more interested in technical features of computer products. Since Williams is in his early 30s, technical features of the product are more likely to influence his buying behavior. Psychological factors including individual needs, motivation, image, attitude, and lifestyle also affect consumer behavio.  Williams is a self-employed professional and his occupational status indicates that he is a business-minded person motivated by the desire for unlimited income.... In this case, Williams is a professional self-employed person who needs to travel across the globe to meet his business clients. Probably, his business meetings include visual presentations and hence he may like to purchase expensive and top-branded device. Since William’s majority of clients are highly reputed professionals, he would not like to use any kind of cheap device to make presentations. Furthermore, as he works in the online business sector and makes business trips all over the world, he may pay particular attention to functionality of the device. The price factor is not likely to affect this purchase because Williams is a global level businessman. In addition, age and sex of the individual would affect the consumer behavior. For instance, when a teenager is interested to buy Cargo Jeans, an elder adult is less likely to do so. Similarly, young males may be more excited to own 800cc cruiser motorcycles while young females in the same age may not do so. Surveys indic ate that young men are more interested in technical features of computer products. Since Williams is in his early 30s, technical features of the product are more likely to influence his buying behavior. Psychological factors including individual needs, motivation, image, attitude, and lifestyle also affect consumer behavior (ibid 2006, p.193). Williams is a self-employed professional and his occupational status indicates that he is a business-minded person motivated by the desire for unlimited income. Hence, he strives to enhance his career development. In short, he has a positive attitude towards life because he has been self-motivated. As a result, he will certainly wish to make his presentations appealing to clients and therefore he may purchase a functionally

Five Years Marketing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Five Years Marketing Plan - Essay Example The company initially started its operations in UK as a catalogue business company. The company achieved success in its initial stages only and soon after that it made a plan of opening a website in UK. This plan helped Hotel Chocolat to secure its position in the market. The company started exporting chocolates to United States by means of an online ordering website. It started expanding its business operations in the domestic land and has opened 23 stores in the outlets of John Lewis and 43 stores in United Kingdom. Hotel Chocolat produces fresh chocolates and the taste of these chocolates is much more adventurous as they are produced using more cocoa and less sugar. The company has also worked with the local farmers of Ghana in order to learn the technique of cocoa plantation. The company started various other projects apart from producing chocolates. Hotel Chocolat has opened a restaurant at the cocoa estate in Saint Lucia. Presently the company is planning for internationalisati on. Existing Market Position of the Company Hotel Chocolat is one among very few companies which has opened new stores in the high streets of UK as well as expanded its operations outside United Kingdom. The company follows focus marketing strategy presently and focuses only on the chocolate segment. The chocolate market is very competitive and is dominated by some brands like the Thorntons and Godiva. The market focuses mainly on four main time periods i.e. Christmas, Mother’s Day, Valentine’s Day and Easter. In this tough competition, the company maintains its uniqueness by providing fresh chocolates, with less sugar and more cocoa, to the customers. It has achieved a successful position in the chocolate market by targeting those customers who buy the premium chocolates as gifts. The company is planning to open new stores in UK. The company has also planned for further expansion in the overseas market with new concept stores like Roast & Conch. In these stores, the custo mers will be able to see the roasting of the cocoa beans. Goal formulation: Marketing Objectives of the Company (for next 5 years) The marketing objectives of Hotel Chocolat (for the next five years) can be evaluated by the SMART approach. The specific objective of Hotel Chocolat is to achieve a successful position in the new markets where it is planning to expand its operations within the next few years by the implementation of appropriate promotional and other marketing strategies. The measurable objective of the company is minimization of the cost structure and implementation of the promotional and marketing strategies in very cost effective manner. The achievable objective of Hotel Chocolat is to reach to the position of the financial break even by the increase of the sales and minimization of the operating expenses. The realistic objective of Hotel Chocolat is to gain a remarkable position in those areas where it has planned to expand its business operations within the business plan of next 5 years. The time bound objective of the company is the fulfilment of all the above mentioned objectives within a time limit of next 5 years. Strategy formulation Target Customers Kantar Media has pointed out the fact that customers within the

Robert Frost And William Stafford Essay Example for Free

Robert Frost And William Stafford Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The writer chose to compare and contrast the brilliant poems of two of the most famous poets of all time. â€Å"Birches† by Robert Frost, and â€Å"Traveling Through The Dark† by William Stafford. Both poems cover nature as a theme and through it, expertly laid out their ideas and what they wanted to express.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Robert Frost (1874-1963) was a Californian poet famous for his poems â€Å"The Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Pasture†. William Edgar Stafford (1914-1993) born in Kansas was a military veteran and was a teacher at one point in his life. His best known works are â€Å"The Rescued Year†, â€Å"Stories that Could Be True: New and Collected Poems†, â€Å"Writing the Australian Crawl: Views on the writer’s vocation†, and â€Å"An Oregon Message.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At first, it may seem that these are just simple nature-themed poems but as we looked deeper, we’ll see that it’s not the case. It may also appear that these two poems have nothing in common since Birch talks about a bent tree and Traveling talks about a dead deer. [We can see that both poems talk about hope and taking chances. Although they differ in presentation and that in Birch, the narrator tried to go back when everything was simple for him – we can see that the two poems touched the difficulty of making a life-altering decision. ]   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This paper would further provide proof and verses from the two poems to support the above statements. Individual analysis of the poems would be discussed and their similarities and differences would be concluded in the last paragraph. Robert Frost’s â€Å"Birches†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Robert Frost was a pastor and his devotion to God can be seen through his works. He frequently used metaphors about nature to express his ideas of a situation or special circumstances. In Birches, Frost reminisced his childhood when he was just a young boy swinging the branches of a birch tree. In recapturing the moments, Frost used third-person narration instead of saying directly that it’s him who was swinging the branches. The branches were bent as a result of this â€Å"swinging†, and also as a result of the ice crystals from the ice storm. Frost vividly described the image of the bent birch trees, â€Å"When I see birches bend to left and right. Across the lines of straighter darker trees† and the melting of the ice crystals trapped in the branches, â€Å"Often you must have seen them. Loaded with ice a sunny winter morning; After a rain. They click upon themselves; As the breeze rises, and turn many-colored; As the stir cracks and crazes their enamel. Soon the suns warmth makes them shed crystal shells.† The poem tries to make the reader visualize the image in his head; of the bent birch tree, and its’ process of change through different seasons. This colorful description of nature can simply be as plain as about the bent branches of a birch tree; or about the many reasons why a branch, could be a metaphor for a person, would bend or go way out of his or her path in life. He also associated bending birch trees to young girls drying their hair under the sun. The seasons Winter and Summer are allegories of the obstacles one person would meet in his lifetime. This symbolizes the cycle of life, that after every winter, comes spring then summer. Same so with life, after every trouble, comes happiness. Also related to the saying there’s always a rainbow after the rain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In general, the poem talks about how the boy who used to swing birch trees grew up and became successful in life, and he looks back and wishes for the simplicity of life when he was younger. He wishes to retreat from the current situation that he’s in and feel heaven once more, just like when he was just a young boy, â€Å"So was I once myself a swinger of birches.   And so I dream of going back to be. Its when Im weary of considerations, And life is too much like a pathless wood; Where your face burns and tickles with the cobwebs.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition to this, the monochromatic tone of the verse â€Å"Id like to go by climbing a birch tree, And climb black branches up a snow-white trunk,† symbolizes the perception of a child, wherein there are only two choices; black or white – right or wrong. This fact upholds the innocence and un-complexity of being a child – the same reasons Frost wanted to go back and swing those birch tree branches once again. However, he can not go back in time when he was still light like a child and the birch tree branches could carry him high up, now, the birch tree branch bowed down and gently let him down touching the earth. He could only, but daydream of those days, â€Å"Id like to go by climbing a birch tree, And climb black branches up a snow-white trunk; Toward heaven, till the tree could bear no more, But dipped its top and set me down again.† William Stafford’s â€Å"Traveling Through The Dark†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The poem relates the story of a man driving along a narrow road and comes across a dead deer lying in the middle of the road. Since the road is too narrow to swerve and avoid the dead animal, he got off his car and inspected the dead deer. With intentions of pushing it over the canyon, he touched the deer and realized that it was pregnant. Feeling the warmth of the deer’s tummy and knowing that the baby is still alive. He chose to shove it over the canyon like they normally do to avoid accidents that might happen in the narrow road because swerving might lead to deaths.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This poem may appear to be very morbid and showcases the narrator’s selfishness, but shoving the deer into the river was actually the best and the only thing he could do. This decision did not come easy for him, â€Å"Beside that mountain road I hesitated. The car aimed ahead its lowered parking lights.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although, literally, the poem poses the difficult question of should you or should you not push the dead deer over the river? It is actually a representation of the difficult choices we make in life. The narrow road symbolizes life and the dead deer is an obstacle or an opportunity. In such narrow road, we can choose to swerve, or go around the dead deer to avoid it, but take the risk of not knowing where we might end up. Or we can stop and push the deer aside. This poem involves difficult decisions which we have to make in order to move on – along the narrow road, and with our lives. Discussion Both poems used nature as metaphors to express what they truly mean. Robert Frost’s bent birch tree branches are analogous to Stafford’s narrow road. The birch tree carried swinging young boys and caught heavy snow every winter, but it remained strong and flexible; instead of breaking, it bended to adapt to a changing environment. Just like the narrow road in Traveling, although it did not bend like the birch tree, the poem offered an opportunity to swerve, get out of the path, and dive into the uncertain. This just shows that life as we know it is not definite. In Birches, the changing seasons from the harsh winter to a bright summer, delivers a promise of hope. Just like in Traveling, the difficult decision of pushing the deer to the river also delivers a promise of hope for the drivers taking the same road. After many hardships in life, the narrator in Birches wanted to go back to the simplicity of a young boy’s life but realized that he can not and he should not, so he continued with his life. Just like the man in Traveling, he made a very hard decision, for the safety of the greater good, he had to live with his decision and he had to go on living.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both poems present making life-altering decisions – Birches (choosing to stay trapped in the past or to move on) and Traveling (choosing to leave the dead deer on the road or pushing it over the river). However, the presentation of nature in Birches was more alive and vibrant unlike in Traveling wherein it’s dark and dangerous. In Birches, Frost vividly described the setting and imagery of nature and uses a lot of adjectives. While Stafford simply put out the words out there, even taking a sonnet-like form. Conclusion:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Birches and Traveling Through the Dark are among the best poems ever published. They stimulate deeper analysis and interpretation by the simplicity of the words that authors used and the un-complexity of the setting in which they derive the stories from. Poem analysis and interpretation are subjective and is solely based on the reader’s understanding of the texts used. This understanding can either go literally (based solely on the surface meaning of the words) or figuratively, wherein, interpretation in this manner could go about for centuries. There are no right or wrong answers when it comes to poem analysis; the truth is, whatever the critics say about a particular poem – only the author himself knows the real meaning and essence of the poem. References Frost, Robert. Birches. Stafford, William. Traveling Through The Dark

The Ebola Virus: History, Occurrences, and Effects Essay -- Ebola Hemo

"The only sound is a choking in his throat as he continues to vomit while unconscious. Then comes a sound like a bed sheet being torn in half, which is the sound of his bowels opening at the sphincter and venting blood. The blood is mixed with his intestinal lining. He has sloughed off his gut. The lining of his intestines have come off and are being expelled along with huge amounts of blood" (Preston 17). Ebola, a virus which acquires its name from the Ebola River (located in Zaire, Africa), first emerged in September 1976, when it erupted simultaneously in 55 villages near the headwaters of the river. It seemed to come out of nowhere, and resulted in the deaths of nine out of every ten victims. Although it originated over 20 years ago, it still remains as a fear among African citizens, where the virus has reappeared occasionally in parts of the continent. In fact, and outbreak of the Ebola virus has been reported in Kampala, Uganda just recently, and is still a problem to this very day. Ebola causes severe viral hemorrhagic fevers in humans and monkeys, and has a 90 % fatality rate. Though there is no cure for the disease, researchers have found limited medical possibilities to help prevent one from catching this horrible virus. The Ebola virus can be passed from one person into another by bodily contact. Airborne transmission of Ebola has not yet been confirmed, as there is no substantial evidence of this occurring. Researchers are still to this day observing the ways of transmission of this virus from one person to the next. In previous outbreaks, this infection has often occurred among hospital care workers or family members who were caring for an ill or dead person infected with the virus. Blood and body fluids contain large amounts of virus, thus transmission of the virus has also occurred as a result of hypodermic needles being reused in the treatment of patients. Under-financed health care facilities in countries such as Zaire, Gabon, and Sudan find reusing needles a common practice. This contributes the vast amount of fatalities of this virus in these cities. The general geographic region that has been most affected by the different strains of the Ebola virus is Central Africa, namely the cities of Zaire, Sudan, and Gabon. The first known occurrence of Ebola was found in a man by the name of Charles Monet, who had currently taken a trip... ...ving things carry viruses in their cells. Even fungi and bacteria and inhabited by viruses and are occasionally destroyed by them. A virus makes copies of itself in a cell until eventually the cell gets pigged with virus and pops and the viruses spill out of the broken cell. If enough cells are destroyed, such as they do in the case of Ebola, the host dies. A virus does not "want" to kill its host. That is not in the best interest of the virus, because then the virus may also die, unless it can jump fast enough out of the dying host into a new host. Ebola Zaire, a type of strain of Ebola, attacks every organ and tissue in the human body except skeletal muscle and bone. Small blood clots begin to appear in the bloodstream. The blood then thickens and slows, and the clots fit together in a mosaic. The mosaic thickens and throws more clots and the clots drift through the bloodstream into the small capillaries, where they get stuck. This shuts off the blood supply to various parts of the body, causing dead spots to appear in the brain, liver, kidneys, lings, intestines, and all through the skin. Works Cited Preston, Richard. The Hot Zone. New York: Random, 1994.

Performance Orientation

The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards (and should encourage and reward) group members for performance improvement and excellence. Assertiveness. The degree to which individuals are (and should be) assertive, confrontational, and aggressive in their relationships with others. Future Orientation. The extent to which individuals engage (and should engage) in future-oriented behaviors such as delaying gratification, planning, and investing in the future. Organizations in countries with high future oriented practices like Singapore and Switzerland tend to have longer term horizons and more systematic planning processes, but they tend to be averse to risk taking and opportunistic decision making. Humane Orientation. The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards ( and should encourage and reward) individuals for being fair, altruistic, generous, caring, and kind to others. Countries like Egypt and Malaysia rank very high on this cultural practice Institutional Collectivism. The degree to which organizational and societal institutional practices encourage and reward (and should encourage and reward) collective distribution of resources and collective action Organizations in collectivistic countries like Singapore and Sweden tend to emphasize group performance and rewards In-Group Collectivism. The degree to which individuals express (and should express) pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their organizations or families. Societies like Egypt and Russia take pride in their families and also take pride in the organizations that employ them. Gender Egalitarianism. The degree to which a collective minimizes (and should minimize) gender inequality. Egypt and South Korea were among the most male dominated societies in GLOBE. Organizations not operating in gender egalitarian societies tend to discourage tolerance for diversity of ideas and individual. Power Distance. The degree to which members of a collective expect (and should expect) power to be distributed equally. A high power distance score reflects unequal power distribution in a society. Countries that scored high on this cultural practice are more stratified economically, socially, and politically; those in positions of authority expect, and receive, obedience. Uncertainty Avoidance. The extent to which a society, organization, or group relies (and should rely) on social norms, rules, and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of future events. The greater the desire to avoid uncertainty, the more people seek orderliness, consistency, structure, formal procedures and laws to cover situations in their daily lives.

Huntsville Project Team Meeting

HUNTSVILLE PROJECT TEAM MEETING As the Huntsville project manager to effectively coordinate and host a progress meeting with team members. There are three things that must be accomplished: meeting objectives; use the minimum amount of time; and participants should leave with a sense of direction and effectiveness in the meeting process. With these criteria in mind, the process of structuring, planning, preparation, and execution of the Project Progress Team Meeting will be a definite success. Predetermine the outcome and purpose of the meeting.Prior to setting the meeting objectives, I have to decide the end results or what I want this meeting to accomplish; whether it’s decision based, to generate ideas, update the status of the project, etc. so that it maximizes the allotted time and all participants can come prepare. Under all the stress of schedules, and time constraints; time is a precious resource during the life of a project and it should be used wisely. Therefore, duri ng the planning stage of this meeting, I owe it to my team members and myself to streamline the meeting in the most effective way to meet and cover all objectives in the least amount of time.In doing so I would prepare the agenda with the following factors in mind: priorities the agenda to determine what absolutely has to be covered; define the end result (what I want the meeting to accomplish); identify who needs to be in attendance and if required consider previously scheduled obligations so that I pick the superb time and date for max participation. With solid objectives, a tight agenda and a commitment to involving the meeting participants in the planning, preparation, and execution of the meeting, it’s a common curtsy to circulate the agenda to participants (team members) to get their feedback and buy-in.This gives them the sense of belonging and lets them know they’re actively contributing to the success of the project. Prior to closing the meeting I think itâ₠¬â„¢s important to reintegrate the highlighted points of the meeting and identify any team member due out so that everyone leaves the meeting on the same accord. Sending out meeting notes to assure objectives were met, would be the icing on the cake.

The Secret River Shows Essay Example

The Secret River Shows Essay Example The Secret River Shows Essay The Secret River Shows Essay the Secret River shows that even people who are essentially good can do bad deeds. Discuss. The Secret River by Kate Greenville is a novel set in the 19th century, where William Thrill who is from the slums of London, is convicted to New South Wales, Australia for the term of his natural life. With his wife and children he experiences a harsh land and want for more than he ever thought he would be capable of having. However this land comes with the trouble of the unknown Aboriginals. Through this novel we are continually presented with the issue that good people can perhaps do ad deeds. But what defines the good people and the deeds to be wrong? Who are the characters that portray this? And are there any who rise above from this condemning sentence? Good people can do bad deeds is more of a fact to humanity then a question. We see this occur each day, with the presidents, prime ministers, supposedly good celebrities turning to things that are considered in our lives as wrong. Therefore it is only logical that it be incorporated in novels, which mimic life. However we must first ask ourselves what is good? And what are evil deeds? Such broad questions, and yet hen given scenarios, people quickly identify for themselves the difference between good and evil. Yet, the context of novel changes the readers views. Despite the fact that the main character, William Thrill, is a continuous stealer, Greenville presents his act of stealing as a physical necessity, and therefore he earns the sympathy of the reader. Later on when in Australia and he is once again picking up the bad habit of stealing, which our society would Judge as terrible, the reader is able to easily brush it off, and not see it as a horrid deed at all. Our views of the good people are manipulated and shaped by the author throughout the entire novel, and we find ourselves putting the view of society bad deeds being brushed off when our author presents them in good light. The minor characters were explored by the author, and then further by the reader in this area. Sarah Thrill, known as Sal for most of the novel, is Williams wife who is portrayed throughout the novel as a strong, great women. However because we only see the novel from the eyes of William Thrill, we do not know her as anything so terrible, for William dollied Sal from the beginning of the novel. However although she is so beautifully presented by the author, even when she steals for the first time, we see her commit an ugly deed whilst in Australia. This deed is committed through fear. We see her clip her child Johnny on the ear, and what occurred was that fear could slip unnoticed into anger, as if they were one and the same. (IPPP) This is one of the only incidents where we see Sal do something out of her good character that is a bad deed. The Aboriginals are a different case altogether. For although the main character does not always shed them in good light, they are reasonably good people o. We see that William begins to understand this after they burn some of the land, which later the grass grows up and the kangaroos approach. A very clever method to obtain meat. We read how they look after the land they call theirs, even though they dont have any buildings or fences, and that they are generally peaceful people. However because they have spears to protect them , may I remind you that the civilians had guns, and they resort to violence when they are not understood clearly enough by the civilians, they are yet another example of good people, doing bad deeds. However it is their bad deeds that are outweighed as worse than seems by the racial prejudice of characters in the novel. Yet it is because of the people that try to understand the aboriginals in this novel that how we are also able to sympathize over them. Another interesting character who shows this theme of good and evil is Willie Thrill, the first son of Sal and Will. As a child he is of course seen as innocent, or because he lacks understanding, neither good nor bad. However when the novel develops we see this rough boy who holds a racial prejudice towards the aboriginals, a boy who says that they should get the guns and shoot them now. A boy who we begin to be unsure of because of these cruel words coming from this mouth of a child. Despite that he isnt a very developed character through the book, he is yet another diverse example of the good doing bad, and perhaps even becoming bad. For we are our actions, are we not? The most observable character of this theme if of course, William Thrill. As previously mentioned he commits acts that would be considered bad, however he is continuously painted as a good character. The reader likes the way he finds the research in London unjust. The reader enjoys learning of his dream to become a respectable man, like Mr. Middleton, Gals father. Most of all, he utterly contradicts any convict stereotype; of these terrible men that did terrible deeds. When brought to Australia we still see him in good light, he continually reminds himself that he does not want to kill the aboriginals, or harm them at all. He begins to understand their ways and sees that they are not terrible as primarily presumed. However despite all of this, he commits deeds that are seen as corrupt. His character is also changed and developed. His complete and utter desire for the land, takes over him. His need to climb up the ladder of society, where each man [was] higher than one, lower than another (pop) leads him to commits deeds he never wanted to commit. Although he understands that he is in fact taking a land that is not empty, and belongs to the Aboriginals, he continues to be greedy. When he is given a small amount of power, such as when he is given two convicts to rule over, he treats them the way he would never want to be treated. He acts different around the blacks, with more superiority. When the blacks invade his hard worked corn patch, he turns to lenience, hitting the women and children that are stealing his corn. All this anger towards the blacks; for being in the land he desperately needed to call his own, for stealing the things he had worked so hard on, for making Sal want to leave the place even faster, is what pushes him to do the worst act in the whole novel. The massacre. In which Thrill is mostly bewildered, yet he still murders Whisker Harry, an elder aboriginal. After this incident we must evaluate whether we still see Thrill as good or not. Because if he is Just a bad person doing bad deeds, then there is

Free Essays on Families, Welfare And Social Policy

Families, welfare and social policy Earlier this year, the editorial team of Family Matters commissioned a set of papers for a special issue of the magazine devoted to the question of social policy and its impact on family life in Australia. Every author that we approached agreed to write something for us, and this issue is the result. Overview of themes In inviting people to write for us, we were particularly keen to generate papers looking at the changing system of state welfare and how it relates to family life. Reform of the welfare and social security systems is at the forefront of political debate in many western nations, including Australia, and in September this year the Minister for Family and Community Services, Jocelyn Newman, announced that welfare reform was to be a key priority in the Federal government's legislative program. In putting together this special issue of Family Matters, we hope to contribute to the debate which will inevitably follow from the government's determination to reform the Australian welfare state. Any reform of the welfare state obviously has important implications for Australian families. This is because, in some significant ways, the modern welfare state and the family can be seen as functional substitutes for each other. Obviously the state cannot supply the affection that we look for in family life, any more than the family can supply the range of services and level of support that the state can provide. But in general, the more the welfare system does, the less the family is likely to be required to do, and vice versa. This is why welfare policy and family policy are so closely linked - change in one will normally imply change in the other. Given that so many of the problems being confronted in Australian public policy are also being addressed in other developed countries, it made sense for us when putting this issue together to solicit contributions both from within and from outsid... Free Essays on Families, Welfare And Social Policy Free Essays on Families, Welfare And Social Policy Families, welfare and social policy Earlier this year, the editorial team of Family Matters commissioned a set of papers for a special issue of the magazine devoted to the question of social policy and its impact on family life in Australia. Every author that we approached agreed to write something for us, and this issue is the result. Overview of themes In inviting people to write for us, we were particularly keen to generate papers looking at the changing system of state welfare and how it relates to family life. Reform of the welfare and social security systems is at the forefront of political debate in many western nations, including Australia, and in September this year the Minister for Family and Community Services, Jocelyn Newman, announced that welfare reform was to be a key priority in the Federal government's legislative program. In putting together this special issue of Family Matters, we hope to contribute to the debate which will inevitably follow from the government's determination to reform the Australian welfare state. Any reform of the welfare state obviously has important implications for Australian families. This is because, in some significant ways, the modern welfare state and the family can be seen as functional substitutes for each other. Obviously the state cannot supply the affection that we look for in family life, any more than the family can supply the range of services and level of support that the state can provide. But in general, the more the welfare system does, the less the family is likely to be required to do, and vice versa. This is why welfare policy and family policy are so closely linked - change in one will normally imply change in the other. Given that so many of the problems being confronted in Australian public policy are also being addressed in other developed countries, it made sense for us when putting this issue together to solicit contributions both from within and from outsid...

The Inside Job Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Inside Job - Term Paper Example The documentary is about the financial crisis experienced in 2007 and 2008 among other vital economical issues in the United States and on the globe in general. The 2007 global financial crisis was a result of poor loaning scheme to the real estate sector that led to the worst state of bankrupt ever recorded. The United States legislators, out of their own greed, ordered the banking institutions to provide unsecured loans, only for the real estate owners to become loan defaulters. The scheme affected the global economy causing the prices of basic necessities to rise by certain percentages. Ferguson uses the documentary to highlight some of the corrupt deals and changes in the banking industry that brought the global financial crisis among other economical limitations. This study analyzes the documentary, putting emphasis on the motive behind the entire casting. The documentary contains five parts which are in a sequential order as far as the cause and effects of the global financial crisis are concerned. All the five episodes make a summery of the causes and effects of the global financial crisis. This paragraph contains the main financial summery with regard to the late-2000 US financial crisis. It begins by highlighting the poor performance, then the collapse of some of the greatest banking institutions (Iceland) in the United States. Iceland collapsed the moment its main shareholders, Lehman Brothers and AIG, went bankrupt. The producer engages narration as one of the main styles to pass relevant information in the documentary. The documentary is ideal for general viewing, but it would make more sense to those with economical knowledge since some economical and financial jargon words are used to describe the causes and effects of the global financial crisis. The first episode begins as a history documentary where the audience is taken through the US and the global economical status from 1940 to 1980, during which the financial sector was regulated. The docum entary creates a comparison platform, where the audience is made to recognize the difference between the current financial status and that of 20 years ago. It requires good financial analytical skills to note the difference, but the producer broke the entire idea into simpler details. He also tries to use the ordinary language and not financial technical jargon to describe his findings. One learns that the documentary is some sort of financial research findings, but in a simpler language. However, more emphasis is put on the blunders committed by the financial sectors. After 1980, there is no record of regulating the financial sector, and this helped various individuals to establish giant firms on the taxpayers’ money. The documentary records that an estimate of $ 124 billion of taxpayers’ money was channeled from the national treasury to start the giant companies. Various banks later ventured in internet banking scheme, where huge amounts were invested despite those f irms being infeasible. The financial sector lost about $ 5 trillion on the failure of the internet companies. The sector introduced some derivatives that caused even more instability. Several financial studies were conducted, and derivatives regulation was considered one of the remedies to reverse the financial status. However, a good number of legislators supported the bill of Commodity Futures Modernization, which later became a bill and compromised derivative regulations. From the year 2000, the financial sector was dominated by five major companies, comprising Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, Lehman Brothers, Merrill Lynch and Bear Stearns. The other team was made of two financial partners, Citigroup and JPMorgan Chase. AIG, MBIA, and AMBAC, which are insurance companies,

Christopher Barringham - Entrepreneur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Christopher Barringham - Entrepreneur - Essay Example This essay discusses that the idea he is emphasizing on is to keep on mailing those companies and also finding new clients through searching further as they would help the company in creating more market for the five of the companies being operated by Mr. Barringham’s family. The entire idea Mr. Barringham is trying to tell is to inform the new clients and to keep on reminding the previous ones, this is possible through personal meetings with their customer relationship manager which would provide the details about the products on person to person basis and also they send the complimentary gifts to the old clients, such as calendars and diaries and small gift items and also the customer relationship manager keeps on calling to the clients once a month asking if they need any of the services. Another important point of notice is the payment terms which means the ability to collect the cash from the customers, previously all the five companies work on the credit terms and they h ave hardly faced bad debts but the idea is that all the old customers are allowed to buy on the credit terms while the new customers would have to pay the cash in hand, which is another reason for Mr. Barringham’s success in the business of Steel. So Mr. Barringham started a business with very less budget, which is showing that it was a small business while performing the even bigger operation, one can also say that his office is performing the work of a manager, a marketer and a forecaster for not just one but all the five companies in a unified manner.

Lipstick product ethical analysis Research Paper

Lipstick product ethical analysis - Research Paper Example Since the primary objective of a business is seen as profit-making, these issues are hardly considered despite their harmfulness to either health of environment. For that reason, this paper intends to investigate one of the lipstick products, Maybelline to be precise, and offer recommendations on ways to change the process if need be. Maybelline, like any other product, undergoes a series of stages before it has been disposed including extraction, production, distribution, consumption and eventually disposal. First, the extraction process of Maybelline, just like other lipsticks, starts with the gathering of the necessary materials before the mixing process is initiated. Some of the materials used in the extraction process include the oils, emollients, pigments and waxes. Emollients are responsible for the texture and color that Maybelline comes with. Once the gathering of these materials has taken place, the next stage entails the production of the complete product. Here, all the ingredients are ground before undergoing a heating process after which the already-heated waxes are usually added to the mix. Then, lanolin and other oils are added as per the specifications to the mix. Once this is done, different metal molds are used where this liquid is poured. The last two steps see the chilling and cooling of the l ipsticks in a bid to harden them, and a second heating occurs with an aim to create a shiny appearance whilst removing any imperfections (Monnot et al. p.253). While there are claims that Maybelline is lead-free, there has been no concrete evidence to prove this claim. In fact, it had been noted that many of the red lipsticks contain a significant amount of lead with a US consumer group reporting that 60% of the lipsticks that were tested in 2007 had higher levels of lead than the ones allowed (Lemaire p.2265). Also, Maybelline lipstick was among the top ten lipsticks containing a

Beer Market Analysis Essay Example for Free

Beer Market Analysis Essay Brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several leading multinational companies and many small local producers. Regardless of beer consumption been affected by the economic crisis, expected growth at a CAGR globally for years 2009-2014 is 1. 8%, with Africa, Asia-Pacific and Middle East becoming the leaders of beer consumption. Moreover, the industry’s further growth is expected due to increasing beer consumption in China. But at the same time, expected CAGR for North America is only 0,5%, and Western Europe is supposed to have marginal decline. Leaders of the market, with 50% of sales, are Anheuser-Busch InBev, SABMiller, Heineken NV and Carlsberg A/S. From the â€Å"Leading global beer brands† graph we can see that category of lagers holds leading position in industry. According to SUBMiller report, there are 3 trends, which had anticipated the increase drive in beer market value by 2012, and those are: * Consumer upgrading to better beer quality due to increase purchasing power * Growing beer-consumer population base * Marketing and promotional activities aimed on differentiation From the other side, there are several threats for both local and global beer producers. Some of them are: increased competition from other alcoholic beverages (mainly, wine in Europe and spirits in the US), or the smoking ban in public places, which has negatively affected the the number of orders of beer in restaurants and bars. Moreover, it is forecasted that due to increasing health consciousness, customers may switch to alternatives like dry wine, which also would retard the beer consumption. All these trends and numbers made beer brewers to improve their brand image in order to increase sales and grab global market share. For that many leading brewer companies focused on innovative packaging and labeling concepts, which would help to inform clients about innovations in health, following the sustainability trends and increase in premiumisation. For example, one of largest beer producers in the world, Carlsberg, in order to double profits by 2015, had to revamp branding, ingredients used and to widen the distribution. Carlsberg launched their â€Å"That calls for Carlsberg† campaign in over 140 markets, to adopt a single global brand positioning and to relate brand to global consumers.

Heavy Weather At American Airlines :: essays research papers

Heavy Weather at American Airlines Business Week Heavy Weather at American Jan.27 1997 pg 32 There is a big shake up at American Airlines. The pilots want more money but management has already spent it. Another strike you say. Yip, looks like it. The chief executive of American Airlines was stunned when on January 8, by an overwhelming vote, pilots rejected a tentative contract. Pilots then got a message from the company president saying "For the first time in many years, we fear for the future of our company." The reason that this strike could spell disaster for one of the leading airlines in the world is the rather large order of new aircraft American ordered from Boeing. American says that having to pay higher pilot salaries and buy new aircraft makes it an uneconomical investment, in other words they can not do both and still stay in business. A strike could even threaten a purposed alliance with British Airways. American in not alone though. With industry profits on the constant rise, employees of other airlines are pushing for higher pay also, but undeniably American is in the worst position right now. It looks to me like the pilots were not very happy with the decision to purchase new aircraft from Boeing back in November when it was first voted on. It seems as though instead of purchasing new aircraft the pilots wanted a pay increase. What the pilots want is a pay increase of 11% over the next four years. What the have been offered is a 5% increase. The argument that the pilots have put forward is the fact that their offer does not even keep up with inflation. It looks as though a strike would be very unlikely because of the amount of money involved, somewhere around fifty million a day would be lost by American. That big of a loss could be very detrimental to any company. What can management do with a dilemma like this? It seem that they departed without knowing where they were going to land. They should have made sure there would not have been an uprising in any part of the company before the took measures as drastic as ordering six-billion dollars in new aircraft. It looks to me like there needs to be better communication between all facets of management in this company. The only way out of this mess that I can see is to reduce the order from Boeing so that they can afford to give the pilots there precious pay increases. This could cause more problems depending on how lenient the contract between

Domestic Violence in the Lgbt Community

Domestic Violence is fundamentally different in LGBT relationships for numerous reasons. There are many causal and contributory factors that make domestic violence in the LGBT community uniquely different than male-to-female or female-to-male battering. To understand these differences one must recognize domestic violence beyond the stereotypical heterosexual manifestation. According to A Professional Guide to Understanding Gay and Lesbian Domestic Violence, same-sex battering mirrors heterosexual battering, but same-sex victims have fewer resources and are less protected.Seven states define domestic violence in a way that excludes same-gender victims. Making matters worse is the fact that in some states sodomy is still considered a crime which forces a victim to confess to a crime in order to prove a domestic relationship. Many women’s shelters refuse services or safety to same-sex victims. Since same-sex marriage is not legal, many families are not considered â€Å"real fami lies† in the eyes of the law, making it more difficult for these victims to get help. Perhaps one of the most compelling reasons LGBT domestic violence is so different is found in the unique communities of LGBT people.LGBT communities â€Å"provide social forums, rites of passage, rituals for celebration, and bodies of art and literature that combat isolation and allow us to explore our full potentials (Bartlet, 1993). † Because many LGBT people feel shunned and excluded from the American ideal, they have forged their own communities as refuge from the inequalities and persecution of mainstream America. The tools a batterer uses to maintain control, like power and control, cut across all lines of gender identity and sexual orientation, but a batterer’s behavior is always peppered with community influences.Batterers play on their victim’s vulnerabilities and community values to maintain control. The volumes of hate, hostility, and condemnation directed at L GBT people from mainstream America encourage self-loathing and internalized homophobia. It covertly forces isolation and creates a false sense of safety from within the community. And LGBT batterers manipulate those difficult realities to employ highly effective weapons against their partners. So community is a strong contributing factor to domestic violence in the LGBT community.The Frustration-Aggression theory of domestic violence adds another distinction to LGBT domestic violence. In essence, this theory opines that human beings can become violent when their goals are blocked. For gay male and female abusers, this theory is painfully true. Throughout childhood, before sexuality begins to develop, gay youngsters, like everyone else, think about and plan their future selves. They negotiate a life path within the frames of family, community, society, and the culture in which they live.In early adolescence, when sexuality comes to the fore and one’s homosexuality is questione d, those dreams of family and community begin to feel too exclusionary. This can be a time of tremendous stress; the sense of being inherently different and â€Å"bad† can be overwhelming. All the evils about homosexuals one has likely heard in the media and around the family can be internalized, and begin a pattern of self-hate and destruction. All adolescents ask the question, â€Å"Who am I? †, but for the adolescent homosexual it becomes increasingly more difficult to recognize that one is not necessarily growing up to be the person he originally imagined.And the person he is becoming is reduced to villainy by mainstream America. He begins to realize that many of his life goals are blocked, like marriage and basic human rights. Without a strong support system to negotiate and redefine his identity, this can be a traumatic and damaging experience. But family support is often lacking and positive gay role models are scarce. Coming out in adolescence is often a terrif yingly alone experience that can damage the soul and lead to frustration and anxiety that will carry on into future relationships.Coming to terms with second-class citizenship in the families, communities, and society in which he has imagined himself so abundantly different can result in frustration and feed the self-hate that has already started seeping in. And anger develops when certain fundamental goals are blocked. With such rite-of-passage circumstances as these, it is no wonder that domestic violence happens in 39% of gay male relationships (Merrill, pg. 44). A psychological aspect that contributes to the escalation of Domestic Violence in the LGBT community can be associated with the term heterosexism.Many use the term heterosexism to describe an individual who strongly believes in heterosexual relationships. Heterosexual relationships are described as being attracted to the opposite sex and being in intimate contact with only the opposite sex. Heterosexism is used in correl ation to negative attitudes, bias, and discrimination of those who favor same sex relationships. The reason why this term is becoming associated with same-sex relationships that involve domestic violence is due to the use of power and control related to the term heterosexism.The power and control that ensues from heterosexism being used could be easily be described as â€Å"outing the victim in the abusive relationship. † One gathers an idea of the victim’s â€Å"out† status within the individual’s work, friends, and family relationships. Inquiring if the victim has told those he or she cares for about his or her sexual preference usually does this. Knowing this information is beneficial to the abuser because it will allow the abuser to control what the victim will say to the police, or anyone, about any abuse that would exist in the relationship.The contradiction of this term would exist within the abusers identity. The abuser would use the victimâ€℠¢s fear of exposure against that individual as if it would be a bad thing to come out to those who care for and love the victim. The abuser will use ideology related to bigotry slanders, faith, natural law, or popular beliefs as a weapon to keep this victim in the cycle of abuse. Same-sex female domestic violence is an unspoken problem in the lesbian, bisexual, transgender population.Facts about lesbian domestic violence, myths within the population and services are all misconceived reasons why female domestic violence is such a big issue. There is not a lot of data on female same-sex domestic violence. Therefore, most information is taken from heterosexual domestic violence cases and small population samples from the lesbian community such as women’s festivals and lesbian cruises. Within the lesbian, bisexual, transgender community domestic violence is taboo. A fact from the Lesbian Partner Violence Fact Sheet is 17 – 45 % of lesbians have reported being involved in a t least one case of abuse (Rose, 2000).Lesbian victims of abuse are fearful of speaking out for reasons of being judged and pushed out by the lesbian community as a whole. The lesbian, bisexual, transgender communities within a certain area can be small. Unpleasant public allegations ostracize the person and take away community support. Lesbians have few choices of where and how to get help and support, yet the numbers of lesbians affected by domestic violence is about the same as the number of female victims in heterosexual couples (Pattavina, 2007).Types of abuse in female same-sex domestic violence is similar to heterosexual couples, such as hitting, pushing, slapping, disrupting sleep, having sex when one doesn’t want to, and not talking to one another. Behaviors in female same sex domestic violence also include â€Å"jealousy, controlling, becoming involved too quickly, unrealistic expectations, blaming others for their feelings, and hypersensitivity† (rainbowdome sticviolence. itgo. com).A difference is that in a small-knit community, fear of losing support from family and friends isolates and potentially prevents the victim from getting help or even reporting the abuse (Hassaouneh, 2008). But the fear of being â€Å"outted† if that partner is recognized in public, at work, or by the family as being a lesbian is a homophobic fear that hampers the victim in leaving or getting support (Hassouneh, 2008). There is also the isolation within minority groups of lesbians, bisexuals, and transgenders.Lesbians often have less support in terms of cultural, ethnic, and religious background to turn to in time of difficulty, like domestic violence (Pattavina et al. , 2007). Especially in cultures where women are not as valued as much as men, it can lead to feelings of discrimination within one’s own community. There is a myth among the lesbian community that a utopia exists. The myth about â€Å"lesbian utopia† is that women are sensi tive, nurturing, caring, and get along better because of those reasons. Lesbian utopia is just that, a myth. Women do hit, hurt, and violate other women.Another myth about female intimate partner couples is that there is a more masculine â€Å"butch† woman and a more feminine woman in the relationship. That is not always the case. Yet another myth is that the â€Å"butch† or masculine women is the batterer. Again that is not always the case. A big myth is that female same-sex violence is not as dangerous or serious as heterosexual or gay male couple’s domestic violence (Hassouneh 2008). Violence is violence regardless of who perpetrates it. Female intimate partner abuse is under-reported (McClennen and Gunther, 1999).Many lesbians are afraid of losing the only support system they have (Miller et al, 2000). It may be that the perpetrator is their only support system and there is no knowledge of whom or where to turn for help. Then there is the lesbian who does re port and she, the victim, ends up getting arrested (Hassouneh, 2008). The misinformation among law enforcement about how to identify the victim in same-sex domestic violence cases is not always cut and dry (Miller et al. , 2000). There are perpetrators that act as victims.The larger of the two women may get arrested even if she is not the masculine one in appearance. Or the more masculine-appearing woman does get arrested although she may be the victim. There are not always services for women who are lesbian, bisexual, or transgender in the community (Hassouneh, 2008). Either, shelters don’t accept women from the lesbian, bisexual, transgender community or there is no legal standing within the state to substantiate a crime. Many states do not recognize same-sex relationships therefore there are no laws in regards to protection.Many victims in female intimate partner relationships may have experienced violence from a heterosexual relationship in the past. Also â€Å"lesbian i ndividuals are more likely to experience domestic abuse at the hands of their partners than to be exposed to antigay violence perpetrated by strangers† (Pattavina et al. , 2007). A study done by Blaise Fortunata and Carolynn Kohn (2003) of 82 participants, 25 being batterers and 57 non-batterers, states batterers were more likely to have been victims of sexual and/or physical abuse in their childhoods. Also, there was a higher use of drugs and alcohol among batterers.The study suggested some personality traits a batterer would have, such as â€Å"antisocial, aggressive, borderline, paranoid and delusional† (Fortunata and Kohn, 2003). These traits would be seen as lacking in the areas of â€Å"poor boundaries, impulse control, problem solving, affect regulation, along with fear of abandonment, jealousy, low self esteem and an inflated sense of entitlement† (Fortunata and Kohn, 2003). Although Harvey Wallace, the author of the class textbook, would say that there a re not any specific characteristics that would describe an abuser. Wallace then goes n to cite factors by other researchers that backup what was depicted in the Fortunata and Kohn study. Factors or characteristics such as the abuser having â€Å"abuse in the family of origin, low self-esteem, male superiority, authoritarian personality and copes by minimizing the abuse† are Wallace’s (2008) examples. The first step in getting treatment as a victim is to accept that the victim is a victim. Reaching out for help, looking up shelter phone numbers and calling them, or getting a plan together for when the victim needs to get out are some good first steps (rainbowdomesticviolence. itgo. com).Educate the victim in how to create a safety plan by putting personal items such as birth certificate, credit cards, and medications all together so one can leave quickly (rainbowdomesticviolence. itgo. com). Have clothes and hygiene products available in the car or at a friend’s house. Give the victim time to regroup. Her life has been turned upside-down, and the healing process will take a while. When examining homosexual relationships, meaning male-to-male relationships, we see that studies as a whole indicate they have higher rates of promiscuity and violent behavior than heterosexual couples.We must rely on studies for more accurate rates of domestic violence in homosexual couples because much of the abuse is under-reported. Under reporting is due to largely the same reasons we have discussed about why lesbian victims fear asking for help from law enforcement, friends, or family. The American Journal of Public Health has published a detailed study of domestic violence victimization in the homosexual community. It focused on four geological areas, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York. The study resulted in 2,881 complete interviews (Merrill, pg. 23).In these interviews the men answered highly personal questions under strict confidentiality. This was a large groundbreaking study that has been the cornerstone of homosexual domestic violence research. It was revealed that 39% of those studied reported being battered by their spouse at least once in the last five years. This figure was much higher than heterosexual women victimizations at 11. 6% (Merrill, pg. 44). Men infected with the AIDS virus were more at risk for psychological and physical abuse than their HIV negative peers, and were more likely to be victimized in a sexual manner (Merrill, pg. 1). Solid research like this helps to open our eyes to a real problem with homosexual domestic violence, and it needs to be addressed. We need to de-sensitize law enforcement officials and set up more support for homosexual victims and therapy for perpetrators. There is a direct link between high rates of promiscuity and partner violence because cheating is common. Having multiple partners outside of the relationship can dilute the quality of the relationship; furthermore, it blurs boundary lines. Promiscuity commonly leads to jealousy, which in turn leads to emotional and physical abuse (Cruz, pg. 60). The sexual relationships of gay males are plagued with domestic violence, just as lesbian and heterosexual relationships are. There are many similarities and differences when considering the factors that go into domestic violence when looking at gay males versus lesbians and heterosexuals †¦ lets take a look at a few of them. As discussed before, lesbians have a fear of being â€Å"outted† when others are alerted to the abuse happening in their relationships. Gay males who have not fully come out of the closet have this same fear, which may cause them to not report abuse by their spouses.However, HIV rates run much higher in the gay male population than in the lesbian population, and perpetrators have been known to blackmail their victims with the threat of revealing their HIV- positive status (Cruz pg. 164). In terms of law enforcement and ho w it often handles cases of LGBT domestic violence, they stereotypically see the bigger or more masculine partner as the perpetrator, which often times sends the victim to jail. Police are primarily responsible for enforcing domestic violence laws. Legal agencies, in general, are conservative, and many don’t try to conceal their homophobia.This trait begins with the police, and goes up through criminal justice system. The DA’s, judges, and probation officers have their own social biases, which often do not support gay and lesbian victims. This is especially problematic for criminal prosecutors who enforce victim protection orders. The patriarchal nature of our society makes it difficult for law enforcement to enforce domestic violence laws. This heterosexual bias also reflects the resistance of the prosecution and judicial systems to prosecute same-sex offenders. The vagueness of the mandate to law enforcement personnel allows a great deal of discretion on he part of t he individual officer in the disposition of a domestic violence investigation. â€Å"The lack of systematic training on this issue for police officers heightens the idiosyncratic enforcement of laws. The unpredictable nature of the police response represents a significant deterrent to reporting domestic violence among gay/lesbian/bisexual families. This occurs despite the fact that as a matter of policy, preferred arrest policies do exist in many states and localities. These policies suggest that the preferred response to a report of battering is to make the arrest. There are many resources designed to support the LGBT community. Yet, in researching policies of domestic violence issues, one will find one story after another about the fear surrounding reporting these instances to authorities. It appears that these networks provide the majority of support for many issues, and that those in the LGBT community cannot and perhaps, should not report instances of domestic violence to the police. In conclusion, it is important to remember both the similarities and the differences between heterosexual and LGBT domestic violence.Despite the fact that the same dynamics of power and control are evident in both forms, the sexual orientation of the partners, the effects of the battery, and certainly, whether there are ample helping resources should the victim decide to reach out have everything to do with how the perpetrator chooses to maintain that control. It is essential that we recognize domestic violence in all our communities. And it is essential that we build community-specific strategies to end domestic violence in all its forms.

Hartalega Holdings Berhad Strategic Management

1. Introduction Hartalega Holdings Berhad is a gloves manufacturer and began their business with the vision of produce gloves that protect life (Hartalega, 2013). Hartalega has experienced tremendous growth in the market and there are many issues and problems that faced by them. The first issue that faced by Hartalega is fluctuation of US dollar (CIMB Research Report, 2011). USA is a key market for glove industry and has contributing part of the market share of Malaysian industries. Fluctuation on US dollar has affected the margins of the company.Besides, the economic conditions have influence the glove industry will continue to be unstable due to rises in material and production costs. Moreover, high latex price also is one of the issue that faced by Hartalega (CIMB Research Report, 2011). Latex prices continue to be volatile would bring an effect to its margin. Supply of latex may be reduced due to the weather conditions. During the dry season in Thailand and Malaysia, it would dec rease the production of latex. Thus, price of latex during dry season will be slightly higher compare to other season.Furthermore, Hartalega faced the issue about labor. The recent governments policies about foreign labor have cause a great concern for the gloves industry. The gloves industry has voiced out their concerns towards this issue because hired labor would have an impact on the manufacturers’ costs. Besides, more and more glove manufacturers are using automation and it will decrease the reliance on manpower. Next, pollution is one of the most important issues that faced by Hartalega as their company’s reputation has affected by the negative news or rumours.Hartalega was received complaints from the Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister’s Dept and a few residents of Taman Suria and claim that they are causing air and water pollution. Hartalega deny all the accusation and declare that they are operating legally according to the Malaysian environment regu latory standard (â€Å"Hartalega: Aggrieved At Accusations†, 2010). This might affect the reputation and the creditworthiness of Hartalega and might cause the market share decrease in this particular time frame. 2. Remote EnvironmentRemote environment is the factors that affect a form of decision making abilities, but are beyond its control. Political, economic, social, technological and ecological factor are the factors that include in the remote environment. The first factor is political factor. Hartalega has exports almost all of their products mainly to the developed countries such as USA, Brazil, Japan, Germany, Europe, Malaysia and others. Hartalega also has expanded its business successfully to China and India. Gloves sales have increase but a little drop in the selling prices. Major output of the company is made up by nitrile gloves.The total costs of the gloves increases due to the high output and increase in labor costs. Besides, the recent governments policies abou t foreign labor have cause a great concern for the industry. Hartalega have to adjust the wage structure of their workers due to the minimum wage ruling that effective from January 2013 that regulate by the government. Stringent government regulatory also is the threat for Hartalega. There are many government regulations and policies need to be follow by the company such as minimum wage legislation, guidelines on buffer zones and more.If companies fail to follow or break the rule that enforce by government, it may bring them into trouble, such as they might receive penalty from the government. Next is economic factor. Fluctuation of US dollar, raw materials prices increase and fuel costs rising has bring an impact towards the gloves industry with challenging economic conditions (Hartalega, 2013). Fluctuation on US dollar has affected the margins of the company. The nitrile gloves have experienced declining its margins due to high raw materials price and face competition with their c ompetitors.Furthermore, demand for nitrile gloves have not affected by economic crisis and slowdown because it is a recession proof products and an essential thing in the healthcare sector. Hartalega expects the demand for nitrile gloves will maintain positive growth in the future and continue export to the other countries such as Europe, China and India. In economic factor, Hartalega might face the threat of high latex price. Latex prices change irregularly would create a threat to its margin. Supply of latex may be reduced due to the weather conditions as well as measures to support rubber prices by Thailand and Malaysia.The dry season in Thailand and Malaysia would decrease the production of latex. Thus, price of latex during dry season will be slightly higher compare to other season. In the social factor, the annual report of Hartalega has show that Hartalega has enjoy the 100% market share in Victoria, Australia because all public hospitals in this state only used Hartalegaâ₠¬â„¢s gloves. Global hospital supplies market also is one of the opportunities for Hartalega. People wearing gloves in the hospital help to prevent spread of germs and help to protect both medical staff and patients from infection.Hence, it also shows that Hartalega has a big opportunity to growth in this area. Hartalega can offer top quality and great selection of gloves to the hospitals or other industry, so that more and more people from all around the world can choose and use Hartalega’s gloves. Opportunity that can be found in this factor is industry recognition. Industry recognition defines as the degree of public awareness for the brand or products. Hartalega has put many efforts in innovation, quality, R&D and good manufacturing.Thus, Hartalega has the opportunity to gain more recognition from all around the world as the company continually expands its business to more nations. Furthermore, technological factor is also one of the factors that affect a decision making abilities of the company. Advancements in technology enables Hartalega placed them with a competitive advantage in the glove industry. High efficiency production lines, automated product handling system, glove removal system, process simulator and biomass heat energy plant are the technologies that used by Hartalega (Hartalega, 2013).High efficiency production lines is the latest high speed production lines in the industry which able to produce 40,000 pieces of gloves per hour. Automated product handling system used to remove defect during transit, packing and storage. RFID tags are tagged in every pallet, so that can monitoring the product movements and make sure the products are on time delivery to the customers. Besides, glove removal system used to decrease the reliance towards the manual workforce. This system also able to remove nitrile and latex gloves quickly from the hand moulds.Process Simulator enable the company test their imagination in a timely manner and ensure quick delivery of a new product to their customers. The opportunity that found in this factor is advancement of technology. Technology advancement enables the company produce more pieces of gloves in a shorter time and better quality. Besides, automated product handling system that used by Hartalega also enable the company can easily track the location of the products and ensures provides an on time delivery to their customers. Last is ecological factor.Hartalega has set up a â€Å"next generation integrated glove manufacturing complex† (NGC) that contains high technology production lines and mainly involved in the production of rubber gloves (Hartalega, 2013). The project location is landscaped to be green and eco-friendly environment. Moreover, Hartalega has used biomass energy plants to avoid emission of Greenhouse Gases (Hartalega, 2013). Biomass energy plant is the only environmental friendly energy plant in the industry where it burn on the plantation waste to generate heat f or the production process.Hartalega also used effluent water treatment plants to ensure the waste that the company discharge is no harm to the environment. Biomass heat energy plant allowed Hartalega to conduct their business in a more effective way. Negative complaint about pollution could a threat for Hartalega. In year 2010, Hartalega has received complaints from Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister’s Dept and some residents of Taman Suria and claim that they are violate the environmental regulations that set by government. Hartalega deny all the accusation and declare that they are operating legally according to the regulations stated.Although Hartalega has state that they have independent inspectors and consultants who regularly test water and air emissions to ensure it is always full compliance with the requirements of government, but this also might happen again if they did not provide sufficient information and training that relates to the green environment to their employees. This also might affect the reputation and the creditworthiness of Hartalega and might caused the market share decrease in this particular time frame. 3. Industry Environment Industry environment is the concept to the foreground for the strategic thought and business planning.This includes Porter 5 Forces that explain the competitiveness of the particular company in the relevant industry. The strategic business manager can use this model or strategy to get a better understanding of the industry context in which the firm involves so that an effective strategy to compete with rival can be developed. There are 5 forces or factors to create the competitiveness of the company which is the threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers and intensity of rivalry.Threat of the new entrants is the seriousness of the barriers occurred or presented by the existing competitors to the new entrants to enter the relevant industry o r market. A high threat of entry means that the new comers are likely to be attracted to the profits of the industry and can enter the market with ease. New entrants enter the market can threaten or decrease the profit gained by the existing competitors which mean high threat of entry will result the industry become more competitive. The glove industry has high threat of entrants as only RM1 million to RM1. millions is needed to start a line (CIMB Research Report, 2007). Cheap labor, low level of technology skills needed and natural gas access as well as the procurement price for latex due to bulk purchase making the barrier of entry high for the new entrants. However, although it is cheap to enter the industry, new comers may not be competitive as they have to differentiate themselves from other existing competitors and need to compete in terms of volume to enjoy the economies of scale. Moreover, threat of substitutes is the availability of product a consumer can purchase instead o f the industry’s product.The availability of close substitute products can make an industry more competitive and decrease the profitability of the particular market. The threat of substitutes for rubber glove industry is relatively low as the industry is dominated by the main 6 players, namely Top Glove, Supermax, Kossan Rubber, Hartalega, Latexx Partners and Adventa. Top Glove is the traditional industry leader but recent research showed that Hartalega has had taking on Top Glove in term of the success on the development of R&D (Research and Design) of Hartalega.The other reason for the low threat of substitutes is low rubber glove cost and making no incentives for the research house to find other alternatives. The bargaining power of suppliers explains the pressure the suppliers can exert on business by raising prices or reducing the quality of purchased goods and services. Powerful suppliers can squeeze the profitability out of an industry to recover cost increases in its own prices. (Pearce, 2012). The main raw material for rubber glove industry is latex.The steady easing in the price of latex since April 2011 and currently stable price appeared to be favorable to the glove manufacturers. Top Glove has ventured upstream into rubber plantations to secure a stable latex supply. Meanwhile, Kossan Rubber is concerning on the niche market that might get better margin, Supermax is putting effort on downstream distribution network and Hartalega is creating more values on its innovation technological of the production lines. So, the bargaining power of suppliers might be low as the results of effort that the glove manufacturers have putted.Furthermore, the bargaining power of buyers refers to the pressure the buyers can exert on business by force down the price, demand higher quality or more services and play competitors off against each other in term of the expense of industry profits. Strong buyers can pressure sellers to lower the prices for the products , improve products’ quality or offer better services. As mentioned just now, the substitutes for the rubber glove is low as the industry is dominated by the main six players. So, the bargaining power of buyer is tentatively low as well.It is because there is not much alternatives the buyers can choose to purchase. The buyers for glove industry are mainly as doctors or laboratory users. Lastly, intensity of rivalry explains to the extent to which firms within an industry put pressure on other competitors and limit their profit potential. High intensity of rivalry means competitors aggressively other competitors’ target and aggressively pricing products. The industry leader for rubber glove industry is always Top Glove where Hartalega is the world’s largest synthetic glove manufacturer.There is a high intensity of rivalry in the rubber glove industry. For instance, on the topic of labor costs with respect to the monthly minimum wages to be RM 900 in Peninsular Mal aysia and RM800 in Sabah and Sarawak, OSK Research Sdn Bhd. analyst Jerry Lee noted that Top Glove Corporation Bhd. might be the most impacted and Hartalega Holdings Bhd. is the least affected due to its innovation in automating its production lines. On this issue, Top Glove might be affected due to the ineffectiveness of handling the labor issue.It may affect its image of industry leader. As a conclusion, the threats of new entrants is high, threat of substitutes is low, bargaining power for both suppliers and buyers are low and there is high intensity of rivalry. So, the rubber glove manufacturing industry is attractive and still can earn good profit the 5 forces can be managed well by the relevant firms in the industry. 4. Operating Environment The operating environment describes the conditions, entities, events, and factors that surrounding the organization that will affect the choices and activities.A firm needs to depend on the operating environment because it will affect the organization in acquiring the needed resources or in term of profitability. The factors are the firm’s competitive position, the composition of its customers, its reputation among suppliers and creditors and its ability to attract qualified employees (Pearce, 2012). A firm’s competitive position explains the position of the particular firm in the relevant industry. It can be the leader industry or just a follower in the industry.By accessing the competitive position of the firm, the organization able to more accurately forecast both its short and long term growth and its profit potential. Hartalega is the world’s largest synthetic glove manufacturer where Top Glove is the industry leader in rubber glove industry. Although Hartalega is not the industry leader but it acquires sufficient resources and technology in generating more high quality gloves with its new automated production lines and glove removal system. And they are expert and have improved in R&D devel opment.The high efficiency production lines enable Hartalega to produce 40,000 pieces of gloves per hour per line, the highest among the industry where the glove removal system is capable of removing not only latex but also nitrile gloves up to a speed of 30,000 pieces of gloves per hour. These technologies make Hartalega to become the world’s largest synthetic glove manufacturer. Customer profile is the firm analyzes and identifies what type of the customers that the company served, what kind of customers they have and etc.The traditional approach of this factor is to segment the customers in term of geographic, demographic, psychographic and buyer behavior information (Pearce, 2012). This can allows the company to know the needs of each segment with ease and then satisfy their needs. The products that Hartalega offer are examination, surgical, laboratory, Clean Room Packed Class 100, Food Grade and so on. They also provide synthetic gloves to latex sensitive users from prot eins that may cause allergic reaction.Basically, the customers that Hartalega served are generally on the international market where Hartalega export their products to overseas to gain high profit. Medline, the largest manufacturer and distributor of healthcare supplies and services in US, is one for the two major customers of Hartalega. The next factor is the firm’s reputation among their suppliers. Firm regularly relies on its suppliers for financial support, services, resources and equipment. It is clearly seen that suppliers play an important role in determining an organization’s success or not.Hartalega has a strong reputation as the highest quality and lowest cost producer of nitrile gloves has enabled the firm to boost their sales every year. The financial support and resources that can be acquired from their suppliers are significant to the organization itself. Although the raw materials for produce the glove have increased which is latex, but Hartalega still c an manage to handle the situation by adjusting the price for the gloves. And the buyers can accept the adjustment in price that Hartalega made.That means the increase of price in raw material by the suppliers still can be acceptable by Hartalega and their buyers. Moreover, the reputation of the company does affect the reliability for their creditors. If the reputation of the organization is low, then the creditworthiness of the firm might be affected. That mean if the company is currently influence by negative rumors or news, probably the firm’s market share will be affected. Hartalega was affected by negative news which state that Hartalega was causing water and air pollution near Taman Suria, Batang Berjuntai in 2010.However, Hartalega has successful dismissed allegations of pollution where The Department of Environment (DOE) has claimed that Hartalega is complied with the Malaysian environment regulatory standard. This might affect the reputation and the creditworthiness o f Hartalega and might caused the market share decrease in this particular time frame. Other than that, Hartalega Chairman, Kuan Kam Hon claimed that Hartalega recorded revenue of RM931. 1 million, representing a significant 27% jump from RM734. million in the previous financial year while profit after tax increased to RM201. 4 million compared with RM190. 3 million for the last fiscal year. That means the company are currently gaining profit and they are able to implement a dividend policy which pay out minimum of 45% of the Group’s annual net profit as dividends to their shareholers. These few conditions showed that Hartalega are doing well in their business and able to earn profit in the industry. Lastly, the ability of the firm to attract capable employees is one of the components for the operating environment.The management for the human capital within the organization is vital for the organization to develop competitive advantage so that the organization can compete with their competitors. The organization needs to determine whether their workers or staffs are capable, skillful and experience or not. The more effective the management of human capital, the more easier the firm to achieve success in the industry. Hartalega has implemented a competitive remuneration package to their employees in order to recruit and retain performance centric individuals.They adopted several training programmes to encourage professional development and develop leadership skills among their employees such as Supervisor Development Programme and Group Leader Apprentice Programme. This programme is to invite talented students to learn the necessary skills and knowledge in manufacturing rubber gloves. The qualified students are able to become permanent workers for Hartalega. 5. Internal Analysis Value chain analysis is to understand how a business creates customer value by examining the contributions of different activities within the business to that value (Pearce II, J. A. , & Robinson, R. B. , Jr. , 2013). The value chain includes the primary activities and support activities. Primary activities involve inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service. Support activities involve general administration, human resource management, research, technology, and systems development, and procurement. First is inbound logistics. Hartalega adopted the global supply chain management for their company with the raw materials, components, and parts from all over the world. Latex plays an important in the Hartalega Company.Research analyst said the latex price rise soon. This situation will affect the Hartalega’s profit decrease. In the operations, Hartalega has high efficiency production lines. Hartalega from a beginning of a one line operation grow into a sizeable company of 43 production lines. They produce over 8 billion gloves annually. Hartalega is the highest speed production line in the industry. They can produce 40,000 pieces of gloves per hour per line. They never decrease the quality of gloves even though they produce the gloves at such high speed.Their programmable logic controls measured and acquired every critical parameter. It is communicated to the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system and later fed to the Data Management System for trending and other analytical auditing. Third is outbound logistics. Customer can buy the product through the internet. Customers can order their products, make request and register to receive materials on some pages. Customers need to fill in their name, address email address and phone number only and submit to the Hartalega, and then Hartalega will deliver the product which is already order by customer to the ustomer. If the customer orders a gift online and they want Hartalega sent it directly to the recipient, customer need to submit the recipient’s address. In the marketing and sales, Hartalega is the largest producer of premium qual ity nitrile gloves in the world. They have good reputation as produce the nitrile gloves at the highest quality and lowest cost. It helped the Hartalega Company increase their sales during the year under review. Nowadays, many companies do their business in China and India. Hartalega also do their business in China and India.It is because these countries have high population figures. Demand from existing customers grows and Hartalega also try to attract new customers. Next is service. Hartalega receive some complaint about ammonia gas and chemical waste pollution. The Department of Environment (DOE) already checks the Hartalega’s factory and cleared glove manufacturer Hartalega Holdings of allegation pollution. Selangor DOE director Che Asmah Ibrahim said that Hartalega Holdings has compliance with the rule and regulation and they no need close the factory. General administration or management is one of the supportive activities.Profit margin of Hartalega has decrease compare d with the previous financial year. Although their profit margin decreases, they also maintain the highest margins in the sector globally. Although margins narrowed slightly, it is because of this foresight that we still achieved an absolute increase in our bottom line on year on year basis. Second supportive activity is procurement. Procurement is a part of inbound logistics or purchasing activities. Hartalega adopted the global supply chain management for their company with the raw materials, components, and parts from all over the world.Global supply chain management help the company compete all over the world and give company a competitive advantage. Company also can lower the supply chain cost if adopt the global supply chain management. Next is human resource management. Hartalega has implemented a competitive remuneration package to their employees in order to recruit and retain performance centric individuals. They also become the number one company for talent, they not only in the glove manufacturing sector but in the manufacturing sector large.Hartalega has provided several training programmes to encourage professional development and develop leadership skills among their employees such as Supervisor Development Programme and Group Leader Apprentice Programme. This programme is to invite talented students to learn the necessary skills and knowledge in manufacturing rubber gloves. The qualified students are able to become permanent workers for Hartalega. Last is research and development. Hartalega Company is focused on research and development (R&D). They highly focused on research and development because they want to ensure continuous product innovation.Research and development helps the Hartalega increase the barrier to entry. It is because the characteristics of synthetic nitrile, which needs careful R&D to ensure similar consistency to natural rubber gloves in terms of softness and elasticity. Besides that, R&D also helps the Hartalega successfull y reduced raw material usage per unit and do not decrease the product quality. They also have raised the bar with their various inventions and have far surpassed the industry due to their engineering capabilities in their manufacturing processes.Therefore, Hartalega highly focused on research and development because R&D helps Hartalega to benefit from maintaining the product quality at lower unit production costs, increases the barrier to entry, and the ability to reduce prices without affecting margins. Value chain analysis can helps Hartalega found the strength and weaknesses. First strength from Hartalega is company adopt the global supply chain management and it help the company lower the supply chain cost and give company a competitive advantage. Second is high efficiency production line.Third is customer can buy the product through the internet. Fourth is good reputation at the highest quality and lowest cost and it helping the Hartalega increase their sales. Next is Hartalega has provided several training programmes to encourage professional development and develop leadership skills among their employees. It helps Hartalega attract new employee and help their existing employee become more talented. Superior success in R&D activities leading to product innovative is strength from Hartalega. On the other hand, Hartalega also have some weaknesses.First is Hartalega receiving some complaint about ammonia gas and chemical waste pollution. Although Department of Environment said that Hartalega Holdings has compliance with the rule and regulation and they no need close the factory but it also influence the reputation of Hartalega. Another weakness is profit margin of Hartalega has decrease compared with the previous financial year. 6. Strategy Formulation TOWS Martix | Strengths 1. Global supply chain management 2. High efficiency production line 3.Online purchasing 4. Good reputation 5. Training programmes 6. Strongly R&D| Weaknesses 1. Receive compliant infl uence reputation 2. Profit margin decrease | Opportunities 1. Industry recognition 2. Global hospital suppliers and industrial laboratory 3. Synthetic glove | a) Strengths- Opportunities (SO) 1. Market development (S3, S4, O2) 2. Product development (S6, O2)| b) Weaknesses-Opportunities (WO) 1. Concentrated growth (W2, O2, O3)| Threats 1.High latex price 2. Government regulatory 3. High intensity of rivalry | c) Strengths – Threats (ST) 1. Innovation (S6,T3)| d) Weaknesses- Threats (WT) 1. Vertical Integration (W2, T1, T3)| a) Strengths-Opportunities Strategy (SO) SO strategy is using the firm’s internal strengths to take advantage of external opportunities. It is the most favourable situation which allows the firm to faces several environment opportunities and has numerous strengths that encourage pursuit of those opportunities (Pearce & Robinson, 2013). 1.Market development (S3, S4, O2) Hartalega have a good reputation as produce the nitrile at the highest quality an d lowest cost in the world and online purchasing. The main buyers for Hartalega are doctors or laboratory users. Therefore, Hartalega can use their main buyers as one of their company strengths to take advantage to global hospital supplies and industrial laboratory market. Hartalega able to offer the highest quality, lowest cost and at the same time they can provide variety types of gloves to hospitals and industrial laboratory.Besides that, customers around the world also can easily and convenience to make an order directly for the company website, this is because Hartalega had prepared the online purchasing method for their customer and business partners. These will make more and more hospitals and industrial laboratory around the world recognize and use Hartalega’s gloves. On the other hand, this method can help Hartalega to increase their sales and profit as well. 2. Product development (S6, O2) Hartalega is expert on their research and development (R&D).Therefore, Hartal ega can use this strength to develop more different types of gloves to attract more customers from global hospital supplier and industrial laboratory market. In addition, due to them expert in R&D, they not only focus the needs of the hospital and industrial laboratory, but also can try to satisfy the need for other different customer in order to help Hartalega to increase their market share also. So, they can come out different types of qualities of the product to fulfil different groups of the customers’ need. ) Weaknesses-Opportunity Strategy (WO) WO strategy is to improve company internal weaknesses by taking advantage of external opportunities. A firm faces an impressive market opportunity but is constrained by weak internal resources (Pearce & Robinson. 2013) 1. Concentrated growth (W2, O2, O3) Hartalega can increase their production of synthetic gloves and expand more into global hospital supplier and industrial laboratory market. This is because the costs of raw mater ial to produce synthetic glove is cheaper than latex (Hartalega, 2012).Therefore, Hartalega can major expansion of synthetic gloves to global hospital supplier and industrial laboratory market will help them substantial cost savings to counter price competition and overcome the profit margin (Hartalega, 2012). So, Hartalega can avoid the high rises of latex price. By avoiding fluctuation of latex price, their profit earned will be more stable and able to increase the profit too. c) Strengths-Threats Strategy (ST) ST strategy is using the firm’s strengths to avoid or reduce the impact of external threats.A firm that has identified several key strengths faces an unfavorable environment (Pearce & Robinson, 2013). 1. Innovation (S6, T3) As mention on above, R&D is the strength for Hartalega. Therefore, Hartalega can use this strength to create the barrier to entry. R&D can help Hartalega successfully to reduce raw material usage per unit and maintain the product quality and incre ase the barrier to entry. So, Hartalega can offer the cheaper price to their customer compare with their competitors such as Top Glove.Hartalega also keep on focusing on their R&D in order to develop more different types of innovation product and try to beat down their competitors and become the leader in the rubber glove industry. d) Weaknesses-Threats Strategy (WT) WT strategy is a defensive tactics aimed at reducing internal weakness and avoid external threats. This is the least favorable situation, with the firm facing major environment threats from a weak resource position (Pearce & Robinson, 2013). 1. Vertical Integration (W2, T1, T3) Nowadays, the price for one of the raw material to produce glove which is latex is keep on rising.This situation was affected Hartalega’s profit to decrease. Therefore, Hartalega can benchmark other companies’ product and make a comparison on how other competitors performs their product activity effectively. This is useful to Hartal ega to improve the management control. The objective of benchmarking is to identify the best practices in performing an activity and learn how to down the costs of the raw material, less defects, or other outcomes related to excellence achieved (Pearce & Robinson, 2013). Hartalega can apply backward vertical integration to control their raw material price.For example, Hartalega can follow its competitor which is Top gloves has ventured upstream into the rubber plantation to secure a stable latex supply. 7. Recommendation A competitive advantage is an advantage over competitors gained by offering consumers greater value, either by means of lower prices or by providing greater benefits and service that justifies higher prices. (Riley, 2012) Differentiation is one of the most practical ways in which Hartalega can gain advantage over other competitors in the rubber gloves industry.Differentiation can be achieved by Hartalega through high quality, efficient low cost manufacturing of glov es. Hartalega is recommend to continuously enhance their flexibility and efficiency in their production process scheduling, saving more time, employees efforts and the company’s money. Besides that, Hartalega needs to ensure all operations from the top to bottom must run efficiently by adopting programmable logic controller able to the monitoring of the operation automatically and promote continuous production that help in increase production and minimize cost.Hartalega should focus on customers’ satisfaction because it had placed a lot of emphasis in R&D to produce a wide and diversified range of high quality and value-added glove products in order to fulfil the expectation of their customers. The company also collaborates closely with related government agencies and Ministries to keep itself abreast of the latest development in rubber research technology. Hartalega also can uses state-of-art technology and efficient automatic glove manufacturing machine to obtain the highest yield and to remain as one of the most cost-effective and highest quality producer in the industry.With all these advantages and strategies, Hartalega is able to compete and stand out in the industry. For the Goods and Service Design, Hartalega can print instructions and methods of wearing gloves on the packaging. Besides, Hartalega can focus on detailed product design such as creating innovative glove with functions and amenity features for all type range of gloves use in surgical and clinical practice and operation.In addition, Hartalega products packaging must provide with its product outlook and description that meet the preferences of their customer across different countries and cultures. Concerning fluctuation price on raw material, Hartalega needs to find multiple sources of raw materials to avoid high fluctuation of cost on raw materials. Therefore, Hartalega is recommended to invest more and expand their own rubber plantation acreage, this would reduce their depen dence on raw rubber from other suppliers.Hartalega has to maintain and enhance its products and operation quality endlessly, therefore, Hartalega always needs to audit their operation and the product quality control to ensure low / no defects in their production based on the Six Sigma and Total Quality Management procedure. On the other hand, Hartalega needs to review foreign countries’ Acceptable Quality Level to improve in their company’s quality management system (Bheda, 2010) Perhaps, Hartalega needs to adopt total quality management or R&D on high quality latex to ensure producing high quality products that meet their customer expectation.In conclusion, each key analysis and discussion on Hartalega manufacturing operation will help in understanding and makes improvement from each operation processes based on the studies of latest operation management system. With this, Hartalega will be able to maintain or strengthen each of its manufacture’s operation and its products positioning in the world market.